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Salem, Ohio
Summary
Salem is the largest city in Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. At the 2020 census, the city's population was 11,915. Extending into southern Mahoning County, it is the principal city of the Salem micropolitan area, which includes all of Columbiana County. It lies about southwest of Youngstown, east of Canton, and southeast of Cleveland.
Founded by the Quaker society in 1806, Salem was notably active in the abolitionist movement of the early- to mid-19th century as a hub for the American Underground Railroad. Through the 20th century, Salem served as one of many industrial towns in Northeast Ohio's Mahoning Valley region. Today, the city is a commuter town and an economic center of Columbiana County, home to Allegheny Wesleyan College and Kent State University at Salem.
Salem was founded by a New Jersey clockmaker, Zadok Street, and a Pennsylvanian potter, John Straughan, in 1806. The city was named after Salem, New Jersey, Street's native community. The name Salem itself is a biblical derivative of Jerusalem in the Middle East, which means "city of peace". The city's early settlers included the Religious Society of Friends, also known as Quakers, which the local school district's sports teams honor by referring to themselves collectively as the Salem Quakers. Salem was incorporated in 1830.
Radio DJ Alan Freed was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, and grew up in Salem. While working at a radio station in Cleveland, he coined the phrase "Rock & Roll".
Advantageously located between Cleveland and Pittsburgh, Salem thrived on an industrial-based economy. For several decades, Salem's largest corporations included American Standard Brands, Eljer, Mullins Manufacturing, Deming Pump, and Salem China. Today, American Standard, a Fresh Mark, Inc meat production facility, and several tool-and-die manufacturers remain.
Salem was a center for reform activity in several ways. The Anti-Slavery Bugle, an abolitionist newspaper, was published in Salem beginning in 1845.
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