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Concept
Andhra Pradesh
Summary
Andhra Pradesh (ˌɑːndrə_prəˈdɛʃ, aːndɦrɐ prɐdeːʃ abbr. AP) is a state in the southern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state with an area of and tenth-most-populous state, with 49,577,103 inhabitants. It has shared borders with Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and the Bay of Bengal. It has the second-longest coastline in India of about . After existence as Andhra state and unified Andhra Pradesh, the state took its present form on 2 June 2014, when the new state Telangana was formed through bifurcation. Amaravati serves as the capital of the state with the largest city being Visakhapatnam. Water sharing disputes and assets division with Telangana are not yet resolved. Telugu, one of the classical languages of India used by the majority of people, is the first official language.
As per the 8th century BCE Rigvedic text Aitareya Brahmana, the Andhras left North India from the banks of the Yamuna river and migrated to South India. In the third century BCE, Andhra was a vassal kingdom of Ashoka of Mauryan Empire. After his death, it became powerful and extended its empire to the whole of Maratha country and beyond under the rule of Satavahana dynasty. After that, the major rulers included Pallavas, Eastern Chalukyas, Kakatiyas, Vijayanagara empire, Qutb Shahi dynasty, Nizam dynasty, East India Company, and British Raj.
The Eastern Ghats are a major dividing line separating coastal plains and peneplains. The coastal plains are part of Coastal Andhra. These mostly are delta regions formed by the Krishna, Godavari, and Penna rivers. Peneplains are part of Rayaaseema. 60% of the population is engaged in agriculture and related activities. Rice is the major food crop and staple food of the state. The state contributes 10% of total fish and over 70% of the shrimp production of India. Industry sectors such as food products, non-metallic minerals, textiles and pharmaceuticals are the top employment providers. Automotive sector accounts for 10% of auto exports of India.
Official source
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