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Concept
Postselection
Summary
In probability theory, to postselect is to condition a probability space upon the occurrence of a given event. In symbols, once we postselect for an event , the probability of some other event changes from to the conditional probability .
For a discrete probability space, , and thus we require that be strictly positive in order for the postselection to be well-defined.
See also PostBQP, a complexity class defined with postselection. Using postselection it seems quantum Turing machines are much more powerful: Scott Aaronson proved PostBQP is equal to PP.
Some quantum experiments use post-selection after the experiment as a replacement for communication during the experiment, by post-selecting the communicated value into a constant.
Official source
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