Cuttack district

Cuttack district is one of the 30 districts of Odisha state in India. It is located in the coastal part of the state and its administrative headquarters are located in the city of Cuttack. As of 2011 Census, after Ganjam, it is the second most populous district of Odisha (out of 30), with a population of 2,624,470. The name is an anglicized form of Kataka or Katak meaning Fort – referring to the Barabati Fort. The district is bisected by the river Mahanadi and its numerous distributaries and occupies a large portion of the river's delta. It is bounded by the Angul, Dhenkanal, Nayagarh and Khurda districts to the west while its southern and eastern boundaries touch Puri, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara and Jajpur districts. The history of the district is the same as that of Odisha owing to the strategic location of Cuttack city. The city in some form or the other has been an administrative centre since the Kesari kings of the 10th century. The fort at Barabati continued to be the capital of the Mughals who started revenue settlement of Coastal Odisha – thus giving it the vernacular name of Mughalbandi. Occupied successively by the Nawab of Bengal and the Maratha Empire, it finally fell to the British. Simultaneously, a number of petty princely states existed along the north and south bank of the Mahanadi upstream from Cuttack. After the present Sadar subdivision of the district was conquered along with the rest of Coastal Odisha by the East India Company in 1803, a magistrate and judge were appointed for the newly conquered areas with headquarters at Puri which was later shifted to Cuttack city. Further reorganisation took place in 1828 and three districts of Balasore, Puri and Cuttack with headquarters at towns of the same name were constituted. Each district was headed by an officer known as the Collector and District Magistrate who was a member of the Indian Civil Service. The Commissioner of Orissa division with superintendence powers over these three districts as well as the associated princely states also had his headquarters at Cuttack.

From Kutcha to Pucca. Proposition de reconstruction d'habitats résistant aux calamités naturelles pour les villages de l'Orissa (Kendrapara District, Orissa State, Inde)

Milo Hofmann, Annalisa Caimi

Situé sur la côte orientale du subcontinent indien, Orissa est l'Etat le plus pauvre de toute l'Inde. Sa pauvreté se manifeste explicitement dans la précarité des habitations en terre et en paille des zones rurales, périodiquement détruites par des catastrophes naturelles. C'est donc dans un contexte caractérisé par une précarité qui s'étend au-delà du domaine de l'habitat, et par une extrême vulnérabilité aux calamités naturelles, que notre projet se situe. Il représente une tentative de contribuer à une amélioration des conditions de vie de la population rurale, en faisant face à la fragilité des habitations actuelles, et en essayant de valoriser les potentialités présentes in situ. Notre proposition a, donc, comme objet la conception d'habitats adéquats et protégés, à travers la définition d'un système constructif low-cost, qui soit spatialement flexible, pour s'adapter aux exigences des habitants, et qui soit résistant à l'impact des calamités naturelles, pour s'adapter aux conditions environnementales.

2005

From Kutcha to Pucca. Proposition de reconstruction d'habitats résistant aux calamités naturelles pour les villages de l'Orissa (Kendrapara District, Orissa State, Inde)

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