Concept

Centre Pompidou

The Centre Pompidou (sɑ̃tʁ pɔ̃pidu), more fully the Centre national d'art et de culture Georges-Pompidou (National Georges Pompidou Centre of Art and Culture), also known as the Pompidou Centre in English, is a complex building in the Beaubourg area of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, near Les Halles, rue Montorgueil, and the Marais. It was designed in the style of high-tech architecture by the architectural team of Richard Rogers, Su Rogers, Renzo Piano, along with Gianfranco Franchini. It houses the Bibliothèque publique d'information (Public Information Library), a vast public library; the Musée National d'Art Moderne, which is the largest museum for modern art in Europe; and IRCAM, a centre for music and acoustic research. Because of its location, the centre is known locally as Beaubourg (bobuʁ). It is named after Georges Pompidou, the President of France from 1969 to 1974 who commissioned the building, and was officially opened on 31 January 1977 by President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. The centre had 3.1 million visitors in 2022, a large increase from 2021 but still below 2019 levels, due to closings caused by the COVID pandemic. It has had over 180 million visitors since 1977 and more than 5,209,678 visitors in 2013, including 3,746,899 for the museum. The sculpture Horizontal by Alexander Calder, a free-standing mobile that is tall, was placed in front of the Centre Pompidou in 2012. The idea for a multicultural complex, bringing together in one place different forms of art and literature, developed, in part, from the ideas of France's first Minister of Cultural Affairs, André Malraux, a proponent of the decentralisation of art and culture by impulse of the political power. In the 1960s, city planners decided to move the foodmarkets of Les Halles, historically significant structures long prized by Parisians, with the idea that some of the cultural institutes be built in the former market area. Hoping to renew the idea of Paris as a leading city of culture and art, it was proposed to move the Musée d'Art Moderne to this new location.

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Breadboard.Sauvegarde d’une halle industrielle

Benjamin Bonnard

Alors que la plupart des friches industrielles sont détruites ou détournées en centres de loisir tendances, la stratégie employée ici est de conserver une halle industrielle ainsi que ses programmes de production et de recherche. Le complexe de l’usine SAPAL de Renens est transformée en suivant trois axes de réflexion: l’optimisation fonctionnelle de la halle principale, l’ajout de programmes publics qui se branchent à celle-ci et l’invitation de nouveaux acteurs au sein du complexe. L’usine est ainsi revitalisée et retrouve un dialogue avec son contexte urbain. La conservation de cette halle de 8’000 m2 se justifie par son unique flexibilité et sa capacité à accueillir une multitude de petits fabricants ou de plus grandes entreprises. La construction d’une lame de bureaux qui dessert la halle dans toute sa longueur s’inspire de cette flexibilité, en interconnectant les espaces de production aux bureaux. En face de ces derniers, le long de la rue menant à la gare, une arcade marchande permet la promotion et la vente des produits directement fabriqués dans ce complexe. Aux deux bouts de cette machine, un musée de la création numérique dialogue avec le voisinage et l’usine: d’un côté, grâce à une nouvelle place publique à l'échelle du quartier et, de l’autre, avec l’ancien bâtiment de bureau réinvesti par le musée et transformé en une tour-symbole, à l'échelle des grands axes routiers qui lui font face.
2019

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