In geometry, a space-filling polyhedron is a polyhedron that can be used to fill all of three-dimensional space via translations, rotations and/or reflections, where filling means that; taken together, all the instances of the polyhedron constitute a partition of three-space. Any periodic tiling or honeycomb of three-space can in fact be generated by translating a primitive cell polyhedron.
Any parallelepiped tessellates Euclidean 3-space, and more specifically any of five parallelohedra such as the rhombic dodecahedron, which is one of nine edge-transitive and face-transitive solids. Examples of other space-filling polyhedra include the set of five convex polyhedra with regular faces, which include the triangular prism, hexagonal prism, gyrobifastigium, cube, and truncated octahedron; a set that intersects with that of the five parallelohedra.
An example of a study relating to space-filling polyhedrons is the Weaire–Phelan structure.
The Cube is the only platonic solid that can fill space independently, although tiling space using tetrahedrons and octahedrons is possible.
If the shape of a regular lattice is converted into a prism of the same base.
triangular prisms from triangles.
cubes (or in this case square prisms) from squares.
hexagonal prisms from hexagons.
It is possible to have a filled 3-dimensional space by layering lattices on top of one another.
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In geometry, a parallelohedron is a polyhedron that can be translated without rotations in 3-dimensional Euclidean space to fill space with a honeycomb in which all copies of the polyhedron meet face-to-face. There are five types of parallelohedron, first identified by Evgraf Fedorov in 1885 in his studies of crystallographic systems: the cube, hexagonal prism, rhombic dodecahedron, elongated dodecahedron, and truncated octahedron. Every parallelohedron is a zonohedron, a centrally symmetric polyhedron with centrally symmetric faces.
In geometry, a plesiohedron is a special kind of space-filling polyhedron, defined as the Voronoi cell of a symmetric Delone set. Three-dimensional Euclidean space can be completely filled by copies of any one of these shapes, with no overlaps. The resulting honeycomb will have symmetries that take any copy of the plesiohedron to any other copy. The plesiohedra include such well-known shapes as the cube, hexagonal prism, rhombic dodecahedron, and truncated octahedron. The largest number of faces that a plesiohedron can have is 38.
In geometry, a honeycomb is a space filling or close packing of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions. Its dimension can be clarified as n-honeycomb for a honeycomb of n-dimensional space. Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic honeycombs.