Regeneration is a 1997 British film, an adaptation of the 1991 novel of the same name by Pat Barker. The film is directed by Gillies MacKinnon. It was released as Behind the Lines in the US in 1998. The film follows the stories of a number of officers of the British Army during World War I who are brought together in Craiglockhart War Hospital where they are treated for various traumas. It features the story of Siegfried Sassoon, his open letter reprinted in The Times criticising the conduct of the war and his return to the front.
The film starts with Siegfried Sassoon's open letter (Finished with the War: A Soldier's Declaration) dated July 1917, inveighing "against the political errors and insincerities for which the fighting men are being sacrificed". The letter has been published in The Times and received much attention because Sassoon is considered a hero for (perhaps suicidally rash) acts of valour; and has received the Military Cross, which Sassoon throws away. With the string-pulling and guidance of Robert Graves, a fellow poet and friend, the army sends Sassoon to Craiglockhart War Hospital, a psychiatric facility, rather than court-martialling him. There, Sassoon meets Dr. William Rivers, a Freudian psychiatrist who encourages his patients to express their war memories as therapy.
There is no clear main character, but a focus on several: Billy Prior, Siegfried Sassoon and Rivers. A secondary character, Wilfred Owen, is linked to Sassoon's storyline.
Prior, at first an unsympathetic character, presents a challenge to Rivers, who needs to discover what experience caused Prior's dumbness. Prior regains his speech suddenly then looks for female companionship and begins a relationship with Sarah, a munitions worker. He has a strong sense of social class, setting himself apart from the other officers and referring to incidents that caused him to mistrust the authorities. There are references to different treatment for privates and officers, including Craiglockhart itself, which caters for officers.