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Concept
Sinus (anatomy)
Summary
A sinus is a sac or cavity in any organ or tissue, or an abnormal cavity or passage caused by the destruction of tissue. In common usage, "sinus" usually refers to the paranasal sinuses, which are air cavities in the cranial bones, especially those near the nose and connecting to it. Most individuals have four paired cavities located in the cranial bone or skull.
Sinus is Latin for "bay", "pocket", "curve", or "bosom". In anatomy, the term is used in various contexts.
The word "sinusitis" is used to indicate that one or more of the membrane linings found in the sinus cavities has become inflamed or infected. It is however distinct from a fistula, which is a tract connecting two epithelial surfaces. If left untreated, infections occurring in the sinus cavities can affect the chest and lungs.
Paranasal sinuses
Maxillary
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Frontal
Dural venous sinuses
Anterior midline
Cavernous
Superior petrosal
Inferior petrosal
Central sulcus
Inferior sagittal
Superior sagittal
Straight
Confluence of sinuses
Lateral
Transverse
Sigmoid
Inferior
Occipital
Arterial sinuses
Carotid sinus
Organ-specific spaces
Costodiaphragmatic recess (lung/diaphragm sinus, also known as phrenicocostal sinus)
Renal sinus (drains renal medulla)
Coronary sinus (subdivisions of the pericardium)
Lymphatic spaces
Subcapsular sinus (space between the lymph node and capsule)
Trabecular sinuses (space around the invaginations of the lymphatic capsule)
Medullary sinuses (space between the lymphatic cortex and efferent lymphatic drainage)
Paranasal sinuses
The four paired sinuses or air cavities can be referred to as:
Ethmoid sinus cavities which are located between the eyes.
Frontal sinus cavities which can be found above the eyes (more in the forehead region).
Maxillary sinus cavities are located on either side of the nostrils (cheekbone areas).
Sphenoid sinuses that are located behind the eyes and lie in the deeper recesses of the skull.
The function of the sinus cavities within the cranial bone (skull) is not entirely clear.
Official source
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