Nonlinear effects in synthetic frequency dimension created by electro-optical modulation of a ring resonator

We numerically investigate the nonlinear dynamics of an optical resonator with electro-optical modulation. In this system we discover chimera states and their transition into new stable states with increasing modulation amplitude. Bifurcation analysis reveals that different parts of the ring might appear at mono- or bi-stable branches, which leads to soliton formation at particular positions inside the cavity, and even to coexistence of chimera states and solitons.