In vivo imaging of murine endocrine islets of Langerhans with extended-focus optical coherence microscopy

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Maternal glucose homeostasis is impaired in mouse models of gestational cholestasis

Women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), a disorder characterised by raised serum bile acids, are at increased risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus and have impaired glucose tolerance whilst cholestatic. FXR and TGR5 are modulato ...

Nature Research2020

L-Cell Differentiation Is Induced by Bile Acids Through GPBAR1 and Paracrine GLP-1 and Serotonin Signaling

Kristina Schoonjans, Giovanni Sorrentino

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) mimetics are effective drugs for treatment of type 2 diabetes, and there is consequently extensive interest in increasing endogenous GLP-1 secretion and L-cell abundance. Here we identify G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor ...

AMER DIABETES ASSOC2020

Synchronous nonmonotonic changes in functional connectivity and white matter integrity in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease

Bernard Lanz, Katarzyna Pierzchala, Ileana Ozana Jelescu, Carole Poitry-Yamate, Ting Yin, Yujian Diao

Brain glucose hypometabolism has been singled out as an important contributor and possibly main trigger to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Intracerebroventricular injections of streptozotocin (icv-STZ) cause brain glucose hypometabolism without systemic diabetes ...

2020

Metabolic and perfusion responses to acute hypoglycemia in the rat cortex: A non-invasive magnetic resonance approach

Rolf Gruetter, Hongxia Lei

Hypoglycemia is critical condition during diabetic treatment that involves intensive insulin therapy, and it may impair brain function. We aimed to compare cortical responses of three hypoglycemic phases and the restoration of glycemia to control levels af ...

Wiley-Blackwell2020

Skeletal muscle enhancer interactions identify genes controlling whole-body metabolism

Johan Auwerx, Martin Rainer Wohlwend

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic disorders influenced by lifestyle and genetic factors that are characterized by insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, a prominent site of glucose disposal. Numerous genetic variants have been associated with ...

Nature Research2020

Asperuloside Improves Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes through Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Signaling

Johan Auwerx, Qi Zhu

Asperuloside (ASP) is an iridoid glycoside that is extracted from Eucommia leaves. Eucommia is used in traditional Chinese medicine and has a long history of benefits on health and longevity. Here, we investigated the impact of ASP on obesity-related metab ...

2020

NAD(+) homeostasis in health and disease

Johan Auwerx, Mario Romani, Elena Katsyuba, Dina Hofer

The conceptual evolution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) from being seen as a simple metabolic cofactor to a pivotal cosubstrate for proteins regulating metabolism and longevity, including the sirtuin family of protein deacylases, has led to ...

2020

Growth differentiation factor 15 protects against the aging-mediated systemic inflammatory response in humans and mice

Johan Auwerx, Jun Yong Kim, Ludger Jan Elzuë Goeminne, Dongryeol Ryu

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with aging-mediated inflammatory responses, leading to metabolic deterioration, development of insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is an important mitokine generated in r ...

2020

Combined deletion of Glut1 and Glut3 impairs lung adenocarcinoma growth

Rolf Gruetter, Anders Meibom, Graham Knott, Bernard Lanz, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Nadine Fournier, Mario Gaetano Lepore, Etienne Meylan, Louise Helene Soegaard Jensen, Caroline Anne-Lyse Contat

Glucose utilization increases in tumors, a metabolic process that is observed clinically by F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-18-FDG-PET). However, is increased glucose uptake important for tumor cells, and which transporters are impl ...

2020

Role of metabolism and mitochondria during glucose sensing and glucose-induced dysfunction in human pancreatic beta-cells

Isabelle Chareyron

Glucose sensing and regulation of insulin secretion are the two main functions performed by the pancreatic beta-cell. Together these processes contribute to the tight control of blood glucose in our body. Compromising the ability of the beta-cells to prope ...

EPFL2019

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Synchronous nonmonotonic changes in functional connectivity and white matter integrity in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease

Bernard Lanz, Katarzyna Pierzchala, Ileana Ozana Jelescu, Carole Poitry-Yamate, Ting Yin, Yujian Diao

2020

NAD(+) homeostasis in health and disease

Johan Auwerx, Mario Romani, Elena Katsyuba, Dina Hofer

2020

Role of metabolism and mitochondria during glucose sensing and glucose-induced dysfunction in human pancreatic beta-cells

Isabelle Chareyron

EPFL2019