Using Negative Control Populations to Assess Unmeasured Confounding and Direct Effects

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DISCO: Distilling Counterfactuals with Large Language Models

Antoine Bosselut, Zeming Chen, Qiyue Gao

Models trained with counterfactually augmented data learn representations of the causal structure of tasks, enabling robust generalization. However, high-quality counterfactual data is scarce for most tasks and not easily generated at scale. When crowdsour ...

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We Need Subject Matter Expertise to Choose and Identify Causal Estimands: Comment on "Estimands for Recurrent Event Endpoints in the Presence of a Terminal Event"

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We summarize what we consider to be the two main limitations of the "Estimands for Recurrent Event Endpoints in the Presence of a Terminal Event" (Schmidli et al. 2022). First, the authors did not give detailed guidance on how to choose an appropriate esti ...

TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC2023

Novel Ordering-based Approaches for Causal Structure Learning in the Presence of Unobserved Variables

We propose ordering-based approaches for learning the maximal ancestral graph (MAG) of a structural equation model (SEM) up to its Markov equivalence class (MEC) in the presence of unobserved variables. Existing ordering-based methods in the literature rec ...

Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)2023

Temporal dynamics of intranasal oxytocin in human brain electrophysiology

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Causal modelling of heavy-tailed variables and confounders with application to river flow

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Confounding variables are a recurrent challenge for causal discovery and inference. In many situations, complex causal mechanisms only manifest themselves in extreme events, or take simpler forms in the extremes. Stimulated by data on extreme river flows a ...

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Translating questions to estimands in randomized clinical trials with intercurrent events

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Intercurrent (post-treatment) events occur frequently in randomized trials, and investigators often express interest in treatment effects that suitably take account of these events. Contrasts that naively condition on intercurrent events do not have a stra ...

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Advances in visual prostheses: engineering and biological challenges

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Vision is an extraordinary sense through which we can appreciate the beauty of the world we live in, gain invaluable knowledge and communicate with others using visual expression and arts. On the contrary, blindness is a threatening medical condition disru ...

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We Need Subject Matter Expertise to Choose and Identify Causal Estimands: Comment on "Estimands for Recurrent Event Endpoints in the Presence of a Terminal Event"

Matias Janvin, Mats Julius Stensrud

TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC2023