Athletic heart syndromeAthletic heart syndrome (AHS) is a non-pathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine in which the human heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal. The athlete's heart is associated with physiological cardiac remodeling as a consequence of repetitive cardiac loading. Athlete's heart is common in athletes who routinely exercise more than an hour a day, and occurs primarily in endurance athletes, though it can occasionally arise in heavy weight trainers.
BradycardieLa (du grec ancien / bradýs = lent, et / kardía = cœur) est un rythme cardiaque habituellement inférieur à la normale, à l'opposé de la tachycardie. En dehors des sportifs, on parle de bradycardie lorsque le rythme est inférieur à par minute. Le caractère « pathologique » de cette bradycardie ne peut être attesté que par un médecin. Le rythme cardiaque au repos se situe chez l'adulte entre 50 (sportif pratiquant l'endurance) et 80 pulsations par minute, mais il peut être modifié par de multiples facteurs, la plupart non cardiaques : anxiété, alimentation, activité (les grands sportifs ont une hypertrophie cardiaque, leur rythme au repos est plus bas), etc.
Condition physiquePhysical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and sufficient rest along with a formal recovery plan. Before the Industrial Revolution, fitness was defined as the capacity to carry out the day's activities without undue fatigue or lethargy.
Resting metabolic rateResting metabolic rate (RMR) is whole-body mammal (and other vertebrate) metabolism during a time period of strict and steady resting conditions that are defined by a combination of assumptions of physiological homeostasis and biological equilibrium. RMR differs from basal metabolic rate (BMR) because BMR measurements must meet total physiological equilibrium whereas RMR conditions of measurement can be altered and defined by the contextual limitations.
Energy homeostasisIn biology, energy homeostasis, or the homeostatic control of energy balance, is a biological process that involves the coordinated homeostatic regulation of food intake (energy inflow) and energy expenditure (energy outflow). The human brain, particularly the hypothalamus, plays a central role in regulating energy homeostasis and generating the sense of hunger by integrating a number of biochemical signals that transmit information about energy balance. Fifty percent of the energy from glucose metabolism is immediately converted to heat.
