The Role of Women in Pre-Christian Worship

Description

This lecture explores the role of women in pre-Christian worship, focusing on religious specialists like the Angel of Death and Cimbra prophetesses. It delves into controversies surrounding women's participation in societies with limited gender roles, the use of young women in religious services, and the Christian criticism faced by pre-Christian practices. The presentation also discusses the representation of pagans in Christian literature, the pagan gods known from vernacular sources, and the pagan rituals and sacrifices, including those at the Uppsala temple. The lecture concludes with an analysis of the creation stories, the genealogy of the beginnings according to Snorri, and the social dynamics between different groups in Norse mythology.

Official source

https://mediaspace.epfl.ch/media/0_085rexvq

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Gender variance

Gender variance or gender nonconformity is behavior or gender expression by an individual that does not match masculine or feminine gender norms. A gender-nonconforming person may be variant in their gender identity, being transgender or non-binary, or they may be cisgender. In the case of transgender people, they may be perceived, or perceive themselves as, gender-nonconforming before transitioning, but might not be perceived as such after transitioning.

Gender

Gender includes the social, psychological, cultural and behavioral aspects of being a man, woman, or other gender identity. Depending on the context, this may include sex-based social structures (i.e. gender roles) and gender expression. Most cultures use a gender binary, in which gender is divided into two categories, and people are considered part of one or the other (boys/men and girls/women); those who are outside these groups may fall under the umbrella term non-binary.

Gender system

Gender systems are the social structures that establish the number of genders and their associated gender roles in every society. A gender role is "everything that a person says and does to indicate to others or to the self the degree that one is either male, female, or androgynous. This includes but is not limited to sexual and erotic arousal and response." Gender identity is one's own personal experience with gender role and the persistence of one's individuality as male, female, or androgynous, especially in self-awareness and behavior.

Gender neutrality

Gender neutrality (adjective form: gender-neutral), also known as gender-neutralism or the gender neutrality movement, is the idea that policies, language, and other social institutions (social structures or gender roles) should avoid distinguishing roles according to people's sex or gender. This is in order to avoid discrimination arising from the impression that there are social roles for which one gender is more suited than another.

Gender bender

A gender bender is a person who dresses up and presents themselves in a way that defies societal expectations of their gender, especially as the opposite sex. Bending expected gender roles may also be called a genderfuck. The concept of gender bending may have political origins, stemming from movements in the 1960s and 1970s, a guiding principle of which is the idea that the personal is political.