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This lecture introduces the copy constructor in C++, which allows creating a copy of an instance by copying the attributes of another instance of the same type. The copy constructor is automatically generated by the compiler if not explicitly defined. It initializes an instance by copying the attributes of another instance member by member, including invoking the constructor of the object attributes. While the default copy constructor suffices in most cases, it may need to be redefined, especially when dealing with pointer attributes. The lecture also covers how to suppress the copy constructor in C++11 using the 'delete' command.