Virtual Memory

This lecture covers the concept of virtual memory, addressing how programs are loaded into main memory, the need for program relocation, and the mechanisms for program relocation and memory protection. It delves into the techniques of virtual memory, such as segmentation and paging, and the translation of virtual addresses to physical addresses. The lecture also discusses the role of the Memory Management Unit (MMU) in dynamic address translation, the use of Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) to reduce memory access time, and the handling of TLB misses. Furthermore, it explores memory protection through control bits in the page table and the importance of exceptions in computer architecture. The lecture concludes by highlighting the interactions between hardware and software in memory hierarchy and the complexities involved in load/store/fetch operations.