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This lecture covers the basics of genetic inheritance, focusing on the phenotype expression and probability calculations. Starting with the observation of Barr bodies in cheek cells, the lecture explains the genetic basis of red hair inheritance. It delves into autosomal recessive transmission and calculates the probability of a child inheriting red hair. The slides provide examples of genetic crosses and detail the calculations step by step, illustrating the difference between a priori and a posteriori probabilities. The lecture concludes with a comprehensive overview of genetic inheritance patterns and their implications.