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This lecture covers cost modelling approaches for materials, focusing on technical cost modelling, automotive case studies, technology strategy, and sustainability. It discusses the impact of weight, time, and vehicle emissions on OEMs, emphasizing the need for robust solutions and equipped supply chains. The lecture also delves into the importance of data quality, the inclusion of reject and trim in the process flow, and the segregation of cost elements into fixed and variable costs. Furthermore, it explores the depreciation of fixed capital, amortization of plant costs, and the implementation of lightweight materials. The lecture concludes with a discussion on the strategy to minimize CAPEX exposure and the assessment of business cases and environmental impacts related to technology.