This lecture discusses the importance of reflection in urban planning, emphasizing the need to understand the history and geography of cities like Dakar to address current challenges. It explores the complexities of city planning in Senegal, highlighting issues such as water management, transportation, heritage preservation, and the impact of colonial history on urban development. The instructor delves into the challenges of infrastructure development, population displacement, and the potential role of public-private partnerships in shaping the future of Dakar's urban landscape.