Laser Systems: Theory and Applications

This lecture covers the fundamental modules of laser operation, including light-atom interaction, laser systems, noise characteristics, optical fibers, ultrafast lasers, and nonlinear frequency conversion. It explains the Lorenz model, Doppler broadening, laser resonators, and threshold conditions. The instructor discusses the basic building blocks of a laser, resonator cavities, and optical transmission through an etalon. The lecture also delves into the concepts of gain, atomic inversion, and rate equations in 2-level and 3-level laser systems.