Cavities and Resonators: Fundamentals and Applications

This lecture covers the basics of cavities and resonators, focusing on topics such as the equations of motion of a damped harmonic oscillator, frequency response function of a cavity, and coupling a cavity to a transmission line. It delves into the concepts of internal and external quality factors, S-parameters, and the coupling of resonators to sources and detectors. The presentation also explores the phasor notation for representing oscillating signals, the response to an oscillating force, and the implications of coupling efficiency on cavity reflection. The lecture concludes with a summary of key points, including resonance phenomena, internal and external losses, and the information encoded in complex responses.