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This lecture covers the fundamentals and processes for photovoltaic devices, focusing on the concepts of generation and recombination in semiconductors. It explains the units of generation and recombination, thermalization of carriers, quasi Fermi-levels, and lifetime measurements. The lecture also delves into radiative recombination, Auger recombination, and Shockley-Read-Hall recombination, highlighting their significance in solar cells. Various examples and exercises are provided to illustrate the practical applications of these recombination processes in different materials and injection levels.