Polarization Qubit of Photons

This lecture covers the concept of polarization qubit of photons, starting with the state vectors and the Dirac notation, and delves into the properties of brackets, measurement, and extraction of information from qubits. The instructor explains the quantum counterpart of a given mode of electromagnetic waves, focusing on the polarized photon as the first example of a qubit. The lecture also explores the extraction of classical bits of information from qubits and the measurement of the polarization state of photons. Various examples and exercises are provided to illustrate the concepts discussed.