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This lecture explores the role of architecture and architects in modern society, questioning if architects can shape society or if architecture is determined by social, political, and economic conditions. It delves into the relationship between technological advancements, historical developments, and the architect's task, pondering the possibility of creating autonomous and critical architecture. The discussion extends to the concept of 'critical architecture' challenged by theorists like Michael Hays, Robert Somol, and Sarah Whiting, leading to intense debates in architectural theory. The lecture also examines the influence of prominent figures like Peter Eisenman and Michael Speaks, highlighting the evolution of architectural discourse and the emergence of alternative approaches to criticality.