This lecture by the instructor covers the fundamentals of handling networks, focusing on graph theory concepts such as nodes, edges, centrality measures, and degree distributions. The lecture delves into types of graphs, including undirected, directed, weighted, and bipartite graphs. It also explores real-world network properties like sparsity, degree distribution, and community structure. Various centrality measures like degree, closeness, betweenness, Katz, and PageRank centrality are explained, highlighting their importance in network analysis.