This lecture covers stress as a function of elongation, real stress and strain rates, elastic limits, plasticity, and the hardening law in materials. It delves into the microscopic interpretation of material behavior, the concept of elasticity, and the relationship between stress and strain. The instructor explains the principles of additivity of constraints, the modulus of elasticity, and the significance of dislocations in material flow. Additionally, the lecture explores the impact of grain size and morphology on material properties, the concept of mesh in materials, and the implications of heat treatments on microstructure.