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This lecture covers the principles and applications of optical spectroscopy in photomedicine, focusing on fluorescence spectroscopy. It explains the Jablonski diagram, fluorescence principles, Stokes shift, and quantum yield. The lecture delves into the Franck Condon principle, fluorescence intensity, and biological fluorophores. It also discusses the use of spectrofluorometers, Bragg's Law, and the detection of epithelial dysplasia. The instructor emphasizes the importance of fluorescence lifetime measurements, quenching mechanisms, and the role of collisional quenchers in fluorescence. Various examples and diagrams are used to illustrate the concepts.