Nanomagnetism: Magnetic Structures and Interactions

This lecture on nanomagnetism covers the fundamental concepts of magnetism, including magnetic sources, magnetic fields, magnetic domains, and energy contributions. It delves into the types of magnetism such as paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism, explaining their characteristics and behaviors. The lecture also explores techniques to investigate magnetic structures at the nanoscale, such as magneto-optical Kerr effect, Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, and spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. Additionally, it discusses the influence of tip magnetization on the magnetic signal in magnetic force microscopy and the calibration of MFM tips for quantitative measurements of magnetic structures like skyrmions.