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This lecture covers the theory of constitutive equations in geomechanics, focusing on the stress-strain behavior of geomaterials and the development of constitutive laws. It discusses the distinction between geotechnics and geomechanics, emphasizing the importance of modeling the stress-strain behavior of soils. The lecture also explores the application of constitutive models in classical soil mechanics, including linear and non-linear elasticity. Case studies on gravity-arch dams and buttress stability provide practical insights into the analytical and numerical methods used in geomechanical engineering. The session concludes with a summary of the key concepts in geomechanics and the significance of constitutive models in understanding the behavior of engineering materials.