Exchange: Intra-atomic and Inter-atomic

This lecture covers the fundamentals of exchange interactions, including intra-atomic exchange, inter-atomic exchange, super-exchange, spin-orbit coupling, and Dzyaloshinskii-Moryia coupling. It delves into the mathematical expressions and energy levels associated with these interactions, exploring the Pauli principle, triplet and singlet states, and the construction of Hamiltonians to match energy levels. The lecture also discusses direct inter-atomic exchange, the Spin Hamiltonian, and the concept of superexchange. Additionally, it touches upon the Zeeman effect, intrinsic electron magnetic moment, and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya coupling, providing insights into spin dynamics and exchange interactions.