Hybridization: Atomic Orbitals and Chemical Bonds

This lecture covers the mechanism of hybridization, focusing on sp3 and sp2 hybridization. Starting with the theory of hybridization of atomic orbitals, the instructor explains how molecular orbitals are mixtures that help in understanding the geometry of chemical bonds. Through examples like methane and ethylene, the lecture illustrates the formation of bonds at the orbital level and the concept of resonance in molecules like benzene. The discussion also includes the representation of bonds in benzene and the delocalization of electrons, emphasizing the stability and geometry of different hybridization states.