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This lecture covers the synthesis of ceramic powders, including the preparation, characterization, and advantages of synthetic powders over natural ones. It delves into the different families of powders, synthesis methods like precipitation, and industrial examples. The process of supersaturation in precipitation reactions, nucleation, and growth mechanisms are explained. Additionally, the sol-gel synthesis method is discussed, focusing on hydrolysis, condensation, and dissolution reactions. Various applications of sol-gel technology, such as coatings, powders, and fibers, are also explored.