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This lecture covers the representation of structured data in programs, such as ages and names with associated attributes. It explains how arrays can represent homogeneous data structures and introduces the concept of structures to group related data. Examples include defining structures for dates, particles, and students. The declaration of structures and variables, initialization, and accessing structure fields are discussed. An example demonstrates creating, modifying, and displaying structured data. The lecture also addresses functions with multiple return values, suggesting solutions like using structures or passing variables by reference. Examples illustrate these concepts with functions returning quotient and remainder values. The importance of structures for heterogeneous arrays is highlighted, showing how structures can efficiently manage diverse data types.