Axial and Appendicular Skeleton: Morphology and Structure

This lecture covers the morphology and structure of the axial and appendicular skeleton, detailing the number and types of bones in each region, such as the skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum. It also explains the composition and function of different parts of a typical vertebra, including the vertebral body, pedicle, lamina, and processes. Additionally, it discusses the articulations between the ribs and vertebrae, focusing on the costovertebral and costotransverse joints, along with the ligaments involved. The lecture concludes with an overview of intervertebral discs, including their structure, composition, and common degenerative conditions observed through imaging techniques like X-rays and MRIs.