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This lecture delves into the challenges surrounding public transport services, focusing on the decline of public services and the emergence of informal transport operators. It discusses the reasons behind the failure of public transport systems, the strategies adopted by private operators, and the implications of formalizing informal transport services. The instructor explores the social organization and technical aspects of informal transport, the role of the state in regulating and supporting these services, and the balance between profitability and public service. Additionally, the lecture addresses the viability of artisanal transport systems in large cities compared to mass transit systems like metros and trains, highlighting the impact of infrastructure development on urban dynamics.