This lecture covers the treatment of wastewater solids, focusing on gravity thickening processes, sludge separation, and thickened sludge characteristics. It also discusses the challenges of overloaded gravity thickeners and the importance of sludge retention time. Additionally, it addresses the backwashing of sand filters for organic micropollutants treatment and the design considerations for wastewater treatment plants. The session includes exercises on digester sizing, sludge dewatering technologies, and polymer requirements for sludge treatment.