This lecture by the instructor delves into the measurement and analysis of hidden dynamics in animal behavior, exploring topics such as grooming patterns, neurotransmitters, and circadian rhythms. Through the study of various animal species, the lecture emphasizes the importance of understanding short timescale behavior to predict long timescale dynamics, using clustering techniques and theoretical models. The presentation also discusses the role of phylogenetic variance and individual variability in behavioral probabilities, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach to link behavior with physiology and evolution.