Active Filters: Second-order and High-order Realizations

This lecture covers the design and implementation of active filters, focusing on second-order filters and the realization of high-order filters. It discusses the general second-order filter function, the Sallen-Key single OPAMP second-order LP filter, and the Deliyannis BP circuit. The lecture also explores the concept of cascading filters, multiple feedback single OPAMP biquads, and the Tow-Thomas biquad. Additionally, it delves into the simulation of LC ladder filters, including direct and indirect simulation methods. The implementation of active-RC and OTA-C filters is detailed, along with LTSpice simulations and signal flow diagrams. The summary highlights the Butterworth and Chebyshev filter approximations and the design considerations for all-pole LC ladder filters.