Optical Image Sensors: Introduction and Architecture

This lecture covers the history, architecture, and specifications of optical image sensors. It delves into the evolution of image sensor technology, from the first transistor to modern-day commercial 3D vision cameras. The lecture explains the architecture of optical image sensors, including the lens, color filter, pixel array, and signal processing components. It also discusses the specifications of image sensors, such as resolution, noise levels, dynamic range, and power consumption. Various noise suppression techniques, including uncorrelated double-sampling and fixed-pattern noise calibration, are explored. The lecture concludes with methods for measuring optical image sensors, including calibration, noise analysis, and dynamic range evaluation.