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This lecture covers the regulation of the urinary system, focusing on the role of vasa recta in stabilizing the hyperosmotic gradient of the medulla, osmolarity detection by the regulatory center, ADH's impact on water reabsorption, circulatory volume control, RAA system, ANP's role in blood volume control, renal pH stabilization, chemical buffers, bicarbonate's role, and renal correction of acidosis and alkalosis. It also discusses renal and pulmonary compensation in maintaining blood pH.