Networks: IP Protocol

This lecture covers the Internet Protocol (IP) used to route packets between nodes in a network. It introduces the concept of finding the shortest path in a graph and explains the Breadth First Search (BFS) algorithm for this purpose. The lecture also discusses how BFS algorithm works to find the shortest path from node A to node B, and how routing tables are maintained in a network to facilitate packet transmission. Additionally, it explains the structure of IPv4 addresses on a 32-bit system and the need for IPv6 due to the limited number of available IPv4 addresses.