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This lecture covers the application of IR spectroscopy to understand the bonding in coordination complexes, focusing on carbonyl complexes. The instructor explains how IR spectroscopy can reveal information about the nature of bonding, spin states, and color origins in coordination compounds. By analyzing the stretching frequencies of CO bonds in various metal complexes, students learn to differentiate between classical and non-classical carbonyl compounds based on red and blue shifts. The lecture also delves into the structural insights provided by IR spectroscopy, highlighting the significance of electron density interactions between metals and ligands. Through examples of different metal complexes, students gain a deeper understanding of how transition metal properties influence their bonding behavior and oxidation states.