Thermodynamics: State, Quantities, and Differential

This lecture covers the concepts of state, extensive and intensive quantities, and differentials in thermodynamics. It explains the variables and functions of state, as well as extensive and intensive properties. The lecture also delves into the mathematical analysis of derivatives and temporal derivatives of functions. Examples of extensive and intensive quantities are provided, along with the concept of reduced extensive quantities. Additionally, the lecture discusses processes, including mechanical and thermal changes of state, and the differential of a function, including limits. The derivative with respect to time of a function is also explored.