Newton's Laws: Inertia and Motion

This lecture covers Newton's first and second laws, introducing the concepts of inertia, force, and momentum. It explains the definition of an inertial reference frame and the role of forces in changing the state of motion. The lecture also delves into the concept of momentum as a measure of an object's motion and the formulation of Newton's second law. Additionally, it explores the action-reaction principle, highlighting how every action has an equal and opposite reaction. The importance of considering external and internal forces in a system is emphasized, along with the conservation of momentum. Examples and practical applications are provided to illustrate these fundamental principles.