Optical pumping in a microfabricated Rb vapor cell using a microfabricated Rb discharge light source
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An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed. Optical amplifiers are important in optical communication and laser physics. They are used as optical repeaters in the long distance fiberoptic cables which carry much of the world's telecommunication links.
Optical pumping is a process in which light is used to raise (or "pump") electrons from a lower energy level in an atom or molecule to a higher one. It is commonly used in laser construction to pump the active laser medium so as to achieve population inversion. The technique was developed by the 1966 Nobel Prize winner Alfred Kastler in the early 1950s. Optical pumping is also used to cyclically pump electrons bound within an atom or molecule to a well-defined quantum state.
Laser pumping is the act of energy transfer from an external source into the gain medium of a laser. The energy is absorbed in the medium, producing excited states in its atoms. When the number of particles in one excited state exceeds the number of particles in the ground state or a less-excited state, population inversion is achieved. In this condition, the mechanism of stimulated emission can take place and the medium can act as a laser or an optical amplifier. The pump power must be higher than the lasing threshold of the laser.
Class A shot-noise limited operation is achieved in an electrically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting laser (VECSEL), opening the way for integration of such peculiar noiseless laser oscillation in applications where low power consumption an ...
Silicon nitride has emerged as a prominent platform for building photonics integrated circuits. While its nonlinear properties based on third-order effects have been successfully exploited, an efficient second harmonic generation in standard stoichiometric ...
Current advances in ultrafast electron microscopy make it possible to combine optical pumping of a nanostructure and electron beam probing with sub-Angstrom and femtosecond spatiotemporal resolution. We present a theory predicting that this technique can r ...
