Drug developmentDrug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery. It includes preclinical research on microorganisms and animals, filing for regulatory status, such as via the United States Food and Drug Administration for an investigational new drug to initiate clinical trials on humans, and may include the step of obtaining regulatory approval with a new drug application to market the drug.
Preclinical developmentIn drug development, preclinical development, also termed preclinical studies or nonclinical studies, is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials (testing in humans) and during which important feasibility, iterative testing and drug safety data are collected, typically in laboratory animals. The main goals of preclinical studies are to determine a starting, safe dose for first-in-human study and assess potential toxicity of the product, which typically include new medical devices, prescription drugs, and diagnostics.
Capteur photographique CCDvignette|Capteur photographique CCD pour l'imagerie astronomique. Un capteur photographique CCD est un capteur photographique basé sur un dispositif à transfert de charges (charge coupled device, CCD). Dans les scanners de documents et beaucoup d'autres applications similaires, les dispositifs sont linéaires ; ils passent transversalement sur l'objet à explorer. Dans les appareils photographiques et les caméras vidéo numériques, les capteurs sont regroupés sur une surface rectangulaire, où chaque CCD forme une ligne, souvent dans la plus petite dimension de l'image.
