Publication

IL-4R alpha-Expressing B Cells Are Required for CXCL13 Production by Fibroblastic Reticular Cells

Nicola Harris, Lalit Kumar Dubey
2019
Journal paper
Abstract

Adaptive type 2 immune responses against the intestinal helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp) require the interaction of follicle-associated CXCR5(+) dendritic cells with naive T cells in the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs). However, the source of CXCL13 responsible for attracting CXCR5(+) dendritic cells has remained unclear. Using multiplex imaging combined with deep tissue analysis, we observed new CXCL13(+) fibroblastic reticular cells surrounding paracortical and cortical B cell follicles in the mLNs of infected mice. CXCL13(+) fibroblasts expressed markers of marginal reticular cells (MRCs), and their expansion required lymphotoxin (LT)-dependent interactions between IL-4R alpha-expressing B cells and CCL19(+) fibroblasts. Infection-induced follicles did not necessarily contain follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), indicating that CXCL13(+) fibroblasts may instead drive their formation. These data reveal a role for lymphotoxin signaling to CCL19(+) fibroblasts in the development of CXCL13(+) MRC-like cells and adaptive type 2 immunity in response to helminth infection.

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Related concepts (33)
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Cell-mediated immunity or cellular immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies. Rather, cell-mediated immunity is the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen. In the late 19th century Hippocratic tradition medicine system, the immune system was imagined into two branches: humoral immunity, for which the protective function of immunization could be found in the humor (cell-free bodily fluid or serum) and cellular immunity, for which the protective function of immunization was associated with cells.
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The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth. The acquired immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Like the innate system, the adaptive immune system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components and destroys invading pathogens.
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