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Category
History of architectural styles
Summary
The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates. The beginnings of all these traditions is thought to be humans satisfying the very basic need of shelter and protection. The term "architecture" generally refers to buildings, but in its essence is much broader, including fields we now consider specialized forms of practice, such as urbanism, civil engineering, naval, military, and landscape architecture.
Trends in architecture were influenced, among other factors, by technological innovations, particularly in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The improvement and/or use of steel, cast iron, tile, reinforced concrete, and glass helped for example Art Nouveau appear and made Beaux Arts more grandiose.
Neolithic architectureList of oldest known surviving buildings
Göbekli Tepe, Urfa.jpg|[[Göbekli Tepe]] ([[Turkey]]), {{circa}}9500-8000 BC
Goseck Circle 1.jpg|[[Goseck circle]], [[Germany]] 4900 BC
Hemudu Site Museum, 2017-08-12 13.jpg|Reconstructed wooden house ([[Hemudu]], [[China]]), 5000-4500 BC{{sfn|Jones|2014|p=18}}
2018 07 12 Schottland (90) Skara Brae.jpg|[[Skara Brae]] ([[Scotland]]), 3200-2200 BC{{sfn|Jones|2014|p=22}}
Ireland 2010 etc 079.jpg|Decorated stone, [[Newgrange]] ([[Prehistoric Ireland|Ireland]]), 3200-3100 BC
Architectural advances are an important part of the Neolithic period (10,000-2000 BC), during which some of the major innovations of human history occurred. The domestication of plants and animals, for example, led to both new economics and a new relationship between people and the world, an increase in community size and permanence, a massive development of material culture and new social and ritual solutions to enable people to live together in these communities. New styles of individual structures and their combination into settlements provided the buildings required for the new lifestyle and economy, and were also an essential element of change.
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