Architecture néo-classique

Résumé

thumb|La Rotunda Santa Marija de Mosta, à Malte, est construite à partir de 1833. Larchitecture néo-classique est un courant architectural procédant du néo-classicisme de la seconde moitié du et du début du . Succédant au classicisme, à l’architecture baroque et rococo, l'architecture néo-classique utilise les éléments gréco-romains (colonnes, fronton, proportions harmonieuses, portique) et se met au service du politique. La découverte et les fouilles des sites de Pompéi et Herculanum remirent au goût du jour les formes antiques. La vogue du romantisme remplaça l'architecture néo-classique avec des réalisations néo-gothiques dans le courant du . Le courant néo-classique, inspiré des temples grecs et romains de l'Antiquité a rencontré un grand succès dans tous les pays occidentaux, que ce soit en Europe (France, Italie, Royaume-Uni, Russie..) ou en Amérique du Nord. L'origine du style L'architecture néo-classique est l'héritière de l'architecture classique, théorisée par

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_n%C3%A9o-classique

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On November the 14th 1974, Jack Cornaz died in Lausanne, the town where he was born in 1886. This study traces the unusual career of this architect – a singular figure in the field of Swiss-French architecture of the twentieth century – whose name, from the 1920s, is associated with a wide range of neo-classical buildings on the shores of Lake Geneva, and analyses its context. Labelled both marginal and a dissident – depending on the standpoint of the critic – Cornaz's production is presented for the first time, through minute exploration of his unpublished archives, extensive information gathered in the course of interviews with numerous protagonists, both near and far, of the "cornazian scene", and comprehensive lateral research. Diversified in terms of quantity, and yet so uniform in terms of typology and program, his production appears consistent enough to express in itself the themes and motives which permit an understanding of both the variety of its expressions and in the unity of its intentions. The analysis of some of its nodal points – types of clients, production under influences, relevance of the old, problematic relationship to the tradition – provides an opportunity to grapple with broader architectural issues, some including ontological dimension : notion of imitation, bound to a style, relations between the architect and his patronage, autobiographical nature of his relation to the object, properties of the settlement... Though considered as a passéiste architect, Cornaz – at least at the start of his career – appreciated a form of modernity, understood as a progressive development of classical and regional types into a new language, which did not reject or betray the heritage of the past. In this respect, his work may be considered as representative of one of those traditionalist tendencies taken into account by the history of architecture over the last two decades. Based on the analytical cataloguing of the architect's archives deposited in the ACM (Archives of Modern Construction, Lausanne), the method applied in this study is a cross-disciplinary approach combining historical research with the principles of anthropological investigation. It is also based upon the interlocking of two propositions : it is a historical inquiry analysing sources as well as an epistemological reflection about cognitive procedures at work in the material in question. Adept at disciplinary nomadism and in mimetic fit with her object, the author applies a "patchwork" method. She is convinced that the effect of contiguity and accumulation is meaningful in itself, and that the interest of this matching of quotations, which leads to admittance for the need of the gaps and interplay of the elements, resides in its unsteadiness, like in a mosaic. The book consists of two closely connected volets. Chapters are thematic in the first one, these theoretical essays are completed with monographs of twenty of J. Cornaz's constructions and catalogue entries for his works.

EPFL2005

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Flash infrared annealing as a cost-effective and low environmental impact processing method for planar perovskite solar cells

Michael Saliba, Sandy Sanchez Alonso

For successful commercialization of perovskite solar cells, straightforward solutions in terms of environmental impact and economic feasibility are still required. Flash Infrared Annealing (FIRA) is a rapid method to fabricate perovskite solar cells with efficiencies >18% on simple, planar architecture, which allows a film synthesis in only 1.2 s, faster than the previous report based in a meso architecture and all of them without the usage of antisolvent. In this work, through a comparative study with the common lab-scale method, the so-called antisolvent (AS), the main photovoltaic parameters and working mechanisms obtained from impedance spectroscopy (IS) measurements show similar device features as for FIRA. However, from the life cycle assessment (LCA) comparison study, the FIRA method has only 8% of the environmental impact and 2% of the fabrication cost of the perovskite active layer with respect to the AS for the perovskite film synthesis. These results denote that FIRA is a low-impact, cost-effective fabrication approach that can be directly adapted to perovskite planar configuration that is compatible with industrial up-scaling.

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2019

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Profibus PC based motion control with application to a new 5 axes parallel kinematics

Mohamed Bouri, Reymond Clavel, Patric Pham

Generally the classical control architecture used to carry out a robot position control is based on a classical industrial motion planner that needs encoders cabling and analog cabling to insure the regulation loop. This work proposes a Profibus PC based control architecture that has a double-originality. The first originality concerns the hardware architecture and the second concerns the software flexibility that allows easiness in implementation, either modification, for controlling parallel robots. The hardware architecture is based upon so-called “intelligent” digital drives and the whole fieldbus hardware.

2004

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EPFL2005