In geometry, the gyroelongated pentagonal pyramid is one of the Johnson solids (J_11). As its name suggests, it is formed by taking a pentagonal pyramid and "gyroelongating" it, which in this case involves joining a pentagonal antiprism to its base.
It can also be seen as a diminished icosahedron, an icosahedron with the top (a pentagonal pyramid, J_2) chopped off by a plane. Other Johnson solids can be formed by cutting off multiple pentagonal pyramids from an icosahedron: the pentagonal antiprism and metabidiminished icosahedron (two pyramids removed), and the tridiminished icosahedron (three pyramids removed).
The dual of the gyroelongated pentagonal pyramid has 11 faces: 5 kites, 1 regular pentagonal and 5 irregular pentagons.
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In geometry, the metabidiminished icosahedron is one of the Johnson solids (J_62). The name refers to one way of constructing it, by removing two pentagonal pyramids (J_2) from a regular icosahedron, replacing two sets of five triangular faces of the icosahedron with two adjacent pentagonal faces. If two pentagonal pyramids are removed to form nonadjacent pentagonal faces, the result is instead the pentagonal antiprism.
In geometry, the pentagonal antiprism is the third in an infinite set of antiprisms formed by an even-numbered sequence of triangle sides closed by two polygon caps. It consists of two pentagons joined to each other by a ring of ten triangles for a total of twelve faces. Hence, it is a non-regular dodecahedron. If the faces of the pentagonal antiprism are all regular, it is a semiregular polyhedron.
In geometry, an icosahedron (ˌaɪkɒsəˈhiːdrən,-kə-,-koʊ- or aɪˌkɒsəˈhiːdrən) is a polyhedron with 20 faces. The name comes . The plural can be either "icosahedra" (-drə) or "icosahedrons". There are infinitely many non-similar shapes of icosahedra, some of them being more symmetrical than others. The best known is the (convex, non-stellated) regular icosahedron—one of the Platonic solids—whose faces are 20 equilateral triangles. There are two objects, one convex and one nonconvex, that can both be called regular icosahedra.