Fouta Djallon

Fouta Djallon (Fuuta Jaloo; فوتا جالون) is a highland region in the center of Guinea, roughly corresponding with Middle Guinea, in West Africa. The Fulani people call the region 𞤊𞤵𞥅𞤼𞤢 𞤔𞤢𞤤𞤮𞥅 ( Fuuta-Jaloo ) in the Pular language. The origin of the first word in the name is from the Fula word for any region inhabited by the Fulɓe and the second from the Jallo clan - a major clan of the Fulani people. Imamate of Futa Jallon and Fula people#Early history Since the 17th century, the Fouta Djallon region has been a stronghold of Islam. Early revolutionaries led by Karamokho Alfa and Ibrahim Sori set up a federation divided into nine provinces. Several succession crises weakened the central power located in Timbo until 1896, when the last Almamy, Bubakar Biro, was defeated by the French army in the Battle of Porédaka. The Fulɓe of Fouta Djallonke spearheaded the expansion of Islam in the region. Fulɓe Muslim scholars developed indigenous literature using the Arabic alphabet. Known as Ajamiyya, this literary achievement is represented by such great poet-theologians as Tierno Muhammadu Samba Mombeya, Tierno Saadu Dalen, Tierno Aliou Boubha Ndyan, Tierno Jaawo Pellel etc. In its heyday, it was said that Fuuta-Jaloo was a magnet of learning, attracting students from Kankan to the Gambia, and featuring Jakhanke clerics at Tuba as well as Fulɓe teachers. It acted as the nerve centre for trading caravans heading in every direction. The more enterprising commercial lineages, of whatever ethnic origin, established colonies in the Futanke hills and along the principal routes. It served their interests to send their sons to Futanke schools, to support the graduates who came out to teach, and in general to extend the vast pattern of influence that radiated from Futa Jalon. Amadou Hampâté Bâ has called Fuuta-Jaloo "the Tibet of West Africa" in homage to the spiritual and mystic (Sufi) tradition of its clerics. Fouta-Djallon consists mainly of rolling grasslands, at an average elevation of about 900 m (3,000 ft).